REFERENCES

Only sources cited in the text must be listed in the list of references, in alphabetical order, at the end of the manuscript. References should be presented as indicated in the examples below.

References are cited in the text by the author(s’) name(s) and the year of publication in brackets (Harvard method), separated by a comma, e.g. (Sithole, 2000). If several articles by the same author and from the same year are cited, the letters a, b, c, etc. should be added after the year of publication, e.g. (Netswera, 2010a).

Page references in the text should follow a colon after the date, e.g. (Mosoetsa, 2010:20-22).
In works by three or more authors the surnames of all authors should be given in the first reference to such a work yet in subsequent references to such this work, only the name of the first author is given, followed by the abbreviation et al., e.g. (Zondi et al., 2015).

If reference is made to an anonymous item in a newspaper, the name of the newspaper is given in brackets, e.g. (City Press, 2018).

For personal communications (oral or written) the relevant person and personal communication should be indicated in brackets, e.g. (G Musila, pers. comm).

FORMAT FOR REFERENCING JOURNAL ARTICLES

Appiah-Opoku, S. (2007). Indigenous beliefs and environmental stewardship: A rural Ghana experience. Journal of Cultural Geography, 24 (2), 79-98.

BOOK

Ngobeni S (ed.) 2010. Scholarly Publishing in Africa. Pretoria, Africa Institute of South Africa.

CHAPTERS IN BOOKS

Dukzec S 1988. Gender issues. In D Hicks & J Brown (eds). Education for peace. London,
England: Routledge.

UNPUBLISHED THESES OR DISSERTATIONS

Dukzec S 1988. Gender issues. In D Hicks & J Brown (eds). Education for peace. London,
England: Routledge.

ANONYMOUS NEWSPAPER REFERENCES

Sunday Times. Urgent bullentins: the SABC needs its new board, 15 January. Electronic references.

PUBLISHED UNDER AUTHOR’S NAME

Dukzec S 1988. Gender issues. In D Hicks & J Brown (eds). Education for peace. London,
England: Routledge.

WEBSITE REFERENCES WITH NO AUTHOR

These references are not archival and are therefore subject to change in any way and at any time. If it is essential to present them, however these should be included in a numbered endnote and not in the reference list.